Yakutsk

Yakutsk (Russian: Якутск; Yakut: Дьокуускай, romanized: J̌okuuskay, .mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}pronounced [ɟokuːskaj]) is the capital city of Sakha, Russia, located about 450 km (280 mi) south of the Arctic Circle. Fueled by the mining industry, Yakutsk has become one of Russia's most rapidly growing regional cities, with a population of 355,443 at the 2021 Census.[9] Yakutsk has an average annual temperature of −8.0 °C (17.6 °F),[10] winter high temperatures consistently well below −20 °C (−4 °F), and a record low of −64.4 °C (−83.9 °F).[11] As a result, Yakutsk is the coldest major city in the world (although a number of smaller towns in that region are slightly colder).[12] Yakutsk is also the largest city located in continuous permafrost; the only other large city is Norilsk, also in Siberia.[13] Yakutsk is located in the Central Yakutian Lowland and is a major port on the Lena River. It is served by the Yakutsk Airport as well as the smaller Magan Airport. The city was founded in 1632 by the Cossacks and was originally called either the Lensky fortress or the Yakutsk fortress. The first version of the toponym came from the hydronym "Lena", the second, from "Yakutia", a synonym for Sakha, eventually became the main one in use. In 1708 it received city status as Yakutsk.[14]