Budapest

Budapest (UK: /ˌb(j)uːdəˈpɛst, ˌbʊd-, ˈb(j)uːdəpɛst, ˈbʊd-/, US: /ˈbuːdəpɛst, -pɛʃt, ˌbuːdəˈpɛʃt/;[8][9][10] .mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈbudɒpɛʃt] ⓘ) is the capital and most populous city of Hungary. It is the ninth-largest city in the European Union by population within city limits and it was the largest city on the Danube river;[11][12][13] today it is the second largest one. The city has an estimated population of 1,752,286 over a land area of about 525 square kilometres (203 square miles).[14] Budapest, which is both a city and county, forms the centre of the Budapest metropolitan area, which has an area of 7,626 square kilometres (2,944 square miles) and a population of 3,303,786. It is a primate city, constituting 33% of the population of Hungary.[15][16] The history of Budapest began when an early Celtic settlement transformed into the Roman town of Aquincum,[17][18] the capital of Lower Pannonia.[17] The Hungarians arrived in the territory in the late 9th century,[19] but the area was pillaged by the Mongols in 1241–42.[20] Re-established Buda became one of the centres of Renaissance humanist culture by the 15th century.[21][22][23] The Battle of Mohács, in 1526, was followed by nearly 150 years of Ottoman rule.[24] After the reconquest of Buda in 1686, the region entered a new age of prosperity, with Pest-Buda becoming a global city after the unification of Buda, Óbuda and Pest on 17 November 1873, with the name 'Budapest' given to the new capital.[14][25] Budapest also became the co-capital of the Austro-Hungarian Empire,[26] a great power that dissolved in 1918, following World War I. The city was the focal point of the Hungarian Revolution of 1848 and the Battle of Budapest in 1945, as well as the Hungarian Revolution of 1956.[27][28]